FUJITSU's Guide to Japanese

77/104

75Lesson 8■カード kaado　card　■払はらいます haraimasu　pay　Grammar notes3 V dictionary formThis form is the basic form of a verb. Verbs are given in this form in the dictionary, hence the name. →Appendices 7 Verb conjugation & usage of different forms4 N/V dictionary form ことが　できます koto ga dekimasu　can…できます dekimasu is the verb which expresses ability or possibility. A noun and V dictionary form こと koto before が ga indicates the content of the ability or possibility.1） NounsNouns placed before が ga are mostly nouns which express actions such as driving a car, speaking a foreign language, shopping, skiing, etc. ■ ライアンさんは　日にほんご本語が　できます。 Ryan-san wa Nihongo ga dekimasu. Mr. Ryan can speak Japanese.2） VerbsWhen a verb is used to describe ability or possibility,こと koto should be attached to the dictionary form of the verb to make it a nominalized phrase and then が ga できます dekimasu is put after that.■ この　工こうじょう場を　見けんがく学する　ことが　できますか。 　 （nominalized phrase） Kono koojoo o kengaku-suru koto ga dekimasu ka.　Can you go round this factory?■ カードで　払はらう　ことが　できますか。 （nominalized phrase） Kaado de harau koto ga dekimasu ka.　Can I pay by card?5 V ta-form たり tari　V ta-form たり　します tari shimasu V…and V…and so onThe sentence pattern learned here is used when referring to some representative actions among many other actions. The tense of this sentence pattern is shown at the end of the sentence.■ 日にちようび曜日は　テニスを　したり、映えいが画を　見みたり　します。 Nichi-yoobi wa tenisu o shitari, eega o mitari shimasu. On Sundays I play tennis, see a movie and so on.

※このページを正しく表示するにはFlashPlayer10.2以上が必要です