FUJITSU's Guide to Japanese
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25Lesson 2Grammar notes1 Demonstrative words for things1) これ kore・それ sore・あれ areこれ kore indicates a thing belonging to or nearer to the speaker than to the listener.それ sore indicates a thing belonging to or nearer to the listener than to the speaker.あれ are indicates a thing belonging neither to the speaker nor to the listener or something separated from both the speaker and the listener.2)この kono・その sono・あの ano'これ kore,' 'それ sore,' and 'あれ are' become 'この kono,' 'その sono,' and 'あの ano' when immediately followed by a noun.■ このスマートフォン kono sumaato-fon this Smartphone2 Adjectives1) In Japanese, there are two kinds of adjectives:① i-adjectives [A]② na-adjectives [Na]2) i-adjectives are so called because they all end with i-(following a,i,u and o) in plain style (dictionary form) words.高たかい takai high 新あたらしい atarashii new 明あかるい akarui bright 白しろい shiroi whitei-adjectives can be used as the predicate of a sentence, or can modify a noun when they occur before the noun in a sentence.■ これは 新あたらしい スマートフォンです。 (modifier) Kore wa atarashii sumaato-fon desu. This is a new Smartphone.■ この スマートフォンは 新あたらしいです。 (predicate) Kono sumaato-fon wa atarashii desu. This Smartphone is new.3) na-adjectives are also used as the predicate or the modifier.すてきな suteki-na nice 簡かんたん単な kantan-na simplena-adjectives look like ordinary nouns when used as the predicate of a sentence, but they take the form of …-na when used as modifiers of the following noun.■ これは すてきな デザインです。 (modifier) Kore wa suteki-na dezain desu. This is a nice design.■ これは すてきです。 (predicate) Kore wa suteki desu. This is nice.
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